使用止血带应注意哪些问题
What should be paid attention to when using tourniquet
1．时间：使用止血带的时间应尽量缩短，以lh为宜，因特殊情况需延长止血带使用时间，连续时间最长不超过4h，期间应每隔0.5h至lh放松1次，每次1一2min，再在该平面上绑扎，禁止在同一部位反复绑扎。
1. Time: the time to use tourniquet should be shortened as far as possible, and it is appropriate to extend the use time of tourniquet due to special circumstances, and the longest continuous time shall not exceed 4 hours. During this period, the tourniquet should be relaxed once every 0.5 hours to 1 hour, 1-2 minutes each time, and then the tourniquet should be bound on the plane. It is forbidden to repeatedly bind at the same part.
2．标记：使用止血带的患者，应佩戴止血带使用卡，注明开始上止血带时间、部位、放松时间。
2. Marking: patients using tourniquet should wear tourniquet use card, indicating the starting time, position and relaxation time of tourniquet.
3．保暖：注意肢体保暖，冬季更应注意防寒，因肢体阻断血流后，抗寒能力低下，易发生冻伤，上止血带处，不可覆盖，便于随时观察出血的情况。
3. Keep warm: pay attention to keep the body warm, and pay more attention to cold prevention in winter. After blocking the blood flow of the limbs, the cold resistance ability is low, and frostbite is easy to occur. The upper tourniquet can not be covered, so as to observe the bleeding at any time.
4．观察：上止血带患者转运途中，要严密观察伤情及患肢情况，如止血带是否脱落、剧痛、发紫、坏死等应予调整。
4. Observation: during the transportation of patients with upper tourniquet, the injury and limb conditions should be closely observed, such as whether the tourniquet falls off, severe pain, purple, necrosis, etc. should be adjusted.
5．放松：止血带放松后如出血严重可用手压迫出血动脉，如已不出血，则不需继续使用止血带，但不应立即取掉，应维持松开状态，继续观察，确实止血后方可取掉。
5. Relax: if the bleeding is serious after the tourniquet is relaxed, the bleeding artery can be pressed by hand. If there is no bleeding, the tourniquet should not be used any more, but it should not be taken off immediately. It should be kept loose and continue to observe. It can be removed after hemostasis is.
6．停用：停用止血带时应缓慢松开，防止肢体血流突然增加，伤及毛细血管及影响全身血液重新分布，甚至血压下降，取下止血带后应轻抚伤肢，缓解冰冷，麻木等不适感觉。
6. Stop the blood flow of the lower limbs when the blood capillary is suddenly released and stopped. 6.
7．禁忌：伤肢远端明显缺血或有严重挤压伤时禁用此种方法止血。
7. Contraindication: it is forbidden to stop bleeding in case of obvious ischemia or severe crush injury at the distal end of the injured limb.